(See Excess Pore Pressure for more information about the B-bar method.) Materials (typically of low permeability) within which excess pore pressures are expected to be generated are assigned a B-bar material coefficient (B). The B-bar method assumes that changes in pore pressure in a material are directly proportional to changes in vertical stress, per Equation 1 below: We will create Scenarios for each of the analysis methods. Now, we will simulate rapid drawdown of the reservoir to zero level and compute the resulting factor of safety of the upstream dam face using the above-listed methods implemented in Slide2. Click on the Modeller icon in the toolbar to go back to the Modeller.The Spencer safety factor of the critical slip surface is about 1.9 at steady state reservoir conditions. When computations are done, select Analysis > Interpret to view the results shown below.To run a non-circular Cuckoo search analysis. The material properties ( Properties > Define Materials) and failure surface ( Surfaces > Surface Options) have already been set. The rapid drawdown conditions will be defined using parameters specific to the methods. Then we will entirely empty/remove the reservoir and determine the safety factor using the four rapid drawdown methods mentioned above. It is retaining ponded water at an elevation of 49m.įirst, we will compute the factor of safety of the dam at steady state (i.e., the dam under long-term full reservoir conditions). It consists of a dam with a clay core, transition zone, and granular fill outer layer. Select File > Recent Folders > Tutorials Folder from the menu and open Tutorial 13 Rapid Drawdown – starting file.slmd file.(All tutorial files installed with Slide2 can be accessed in the same folder.) 2.0 Model Geometry The finished file, Tutorial 13 Rapid Drawdown.slmd, can be found in File > Recent Folders > Tutorials Folder. 29 - Generalized Anisotropy – Exporting from Slide3 to Slide2įor more information, see Rapid Drawdown Analysis in Advanced Groundwater.28 - Using RSLog Cross Sections in Slide2. 27 - Damage Regions (Generalized Hoek-Brown).26 - Analysis of Embankment using multi-modal optimization (MMO).25 - Seismic Analysis with Newmark Method.24 - FOS for Geosynthetic Reinforced Retaining Wall.19 - Back Analysis of Material Properties.16 - Handling Tension in Limit Equalibrium.11 - Probabilistic analysis with random shear strength (COV).
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He was a fraud who was repeatedly in trouble with the law and profited off numerous short-lived business start-ups. He was a Harvard dropout who got rich quick after developing Radithor, a toxic solution of radium dissolved in water. Bailey wasn’t a doctor, even though he claimed to be. William Bailey, The Man Who Prescribed Byers Radithor, Was A Known Fraud Photo: Internet Archive Book Images/ Wikimedia Commons /No Restrictions In fact, Byers was so keen on the product and its supposed benefits that he ended up drinking three bottles every day for two years, until the poison caught up with him and began dissolving him from the inside out. At a time when radium-infused products were very popular, it was unsurprising that Byers was more than happy to take Radithor. Radithor was simply radium dissolved in water, marketed as a healing tonic. The pain didn’t go away, so Byers’s doctor prescribed him Radithor. In 1927, Byers was on a train returning from a Harvard-Yale football game when he fell from his bunk and hurt his arm. This was the title of a Wall Street Journal article that came out some time after Byers’s passing, succinctly summing up what happened to him. “The Radium Water Worked Fine Until His Jaw Came Off” Photo: BlueShift 12/ flickr /CC-BY 2.0 Like the ill-fated Radium Girls before him, Byers demonstrated the clear and unequivocal bodily evidence that exposure to radium was lethal.īyers’s tragic death is a story of medical deception and overdose, and it serves as a cautionary tale that there is, in fact, too much of a good thing – especially if that good thing is actually completely lethal. His teeth fell out his jaw had to be removed holes formed in his brain and skull and he eventually perished in 1932 from radium poisoning. Instead, after three years of incessant use, Byers began rotting from the inside. Yet what happened to Byers fell far afield of the positive effects Radithor was supposed to have. Radithor was supposed to alleviate aches, pains, and even invigorate one sexually. When Byers fell and hurt his arm in 1927, he was prescribed Radithor, a radium-infused elixir sold by a quack doctor named William Bailey. Eben Byers was an amateur golfer, an alumnus of Yale, and a notorious ladies man, but he is most famous for literally rotting from the inside out after spending three years drinking radium-infused water.
Supported Operating Systems: PC: Windows 8, 8.1, 10, or 11. Windows XP: Click the Remove or Change/Remove tab (to the right of the program). Help & Customer Service Find more solutions Digital Services and Device Support Kindle App Help Setup and Registration Install or Update the Desktop Kindle App on Your Computer Use the Kindle app to start reading from your PC or Mac. Mac: OS x 10.14 or higher Note: If your operating system isnt supported, use our Kindle Cloud Reader. When you find the program Kindle Previewer 3, click it, and then do one of the following: Windows Vista/7/8/10: Click Uninstall. Kindle Previewer is a useful application that will emulate the Kindle interface, enabling you to read ebooks easily with some additional functions. Windows XP: Click Add or Remove Programs. It makes it easy to read ebooks and do what you want without too many problems. 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However, when images and graphics are introduced, these files can quickly grow in size, consuming valuable physical and cloud storage space and posing challenges for email sharing. PDF files have always been designed for seamless sharing across various devices and users. These critical software tools are just as important to efficient document management as having the best cloud storage and best PDF merger tools tools. However, before leaving the stricken B-17, Stigler murmured: “Good luck, you are in God’s hands.”īack on the ground, Stigler reported he was certain the bomber crashed into the sea.Īgainst all odds and continuing at low altitude, Old Pub continued flying west. The German doubted the stricken B-1 7 would make it to England.īrown and Luke were amazed when the German saluted, then peeled off and made his departure. The pilot shook his head a second time.īy remaining alongside the battered bomber, Stigler provided the B-1 7 protection from numerous anti-aircraft batteries in the area, finally reaching open water. Making a second attempt, Stigler pointed north, encouraging Old Pub to make for Sweden. Shocked by the close-up view of the enemy fighter, both pilots were surprised and shaken when the German signaled they should land. Both pilots knew they had little chance of survival.ĭrawing alongside the American bomber, Stigler saw Brown fighting to retain control. Yet after viewing Old Pub, the German decided the bomber was much like an airman in a parachute.īy that time, the co-pilot had returned to his seat with word the other crewmen were unwilling to bail out even though they all knew the 109 could easily shoot them out of the sky. Had he downed Old Pub, his 24th victory, Stigler would qualify for a Knight’s Cross. Years earlier, his commanding officer had warned Stigler if he ever targeted a flyer in a parachute, he personally would shoot him. And yet after he saw the battered aircraft barely stumbling through the sky, he had second thoughts. He himself would be shot if he allowed the enemy plane to escape. Stigler was well-aware his job was to down the four-engine B-17. Though none on board could view it, half the rudder had been shot away. The tail gunner had been killed by 20mm shells, the top turret was empty, the radio room had been blown apart, the waist gun was missing and through an opening in the side of the fuselage Stigler saw crewmen caring for the wounded. While struggling to keep his plane in the air, the pilot, Charlie Brown, had the feeling he was in the wrong place at the wrong time. With one engine silent, a second running wild and a third barely in operation, Old Pub dropped out of formation and had become a straggler. Sam Blackford was ball gunner, while Sgt. Other members of the crew were Second Lt. The heavily damaged fortress carried the name “Ye Olde Pub,” chosen by its pilot, Second Lt. Ready to open fire, Franz was astonished the plane was still in the air - he had never before seen an aircraft virtually shot to pieces. While stationed at Wiesbaden a short time later, Franz was one of many pilots who fought British-based four-engines pounding Germany.įrom the airfield at Jever, Stigler spotted a crippled bomber and, climbing back into the air, approached the enemy from the rear. In May 1942, he made his first kill, an RAF P-40, then survived being shot down by an American P-40 three miles off of Sicily. Selected by the Luftwaffe in 1937, Franz became a flight instructor and following the outbreak of the war was based at Martuba in North Africa. At age 12, Stigler made his first flight in a glider, later became a pilot for Lufthansa making flights to London, Rome and Barcelona. 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